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, by Robert Hughes
Free Download , by Robert Hughes
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Product details
File Size: 17573 KB
Print Length: 628 pages
Publisher: Vintage; 1st Vintage Books ed edition (January 11, 2012)
Publication Date: January 11, 2012
Sold by: Random House LLC
Language: English
ASIN: B006NKL884
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As luck would have it, I recently [2001] had the opportunity to make a brief business trip to Australia. I knew very little about Australia and thought the best way to get some brief but non-superficial background would be to learn something of its history. I opted to read Robert Hughes's book which tells the story of Australia's founding and of its convict past. The book is lengthy, even too lengthy to complete on the 14 hour flights from the West Coast of the United States to Sydney and back. But the story was fascinating, and the book was well worth the attention and effort.Hughes tells the story of the discovery of Australia, the decision of Great Britain to "transport" its convicted to the continent, the various kinds of lives the convicts found there, the aboriginal settlers and their treatment by the newcomers, and the ultimate creation of a new society. There are harrowing accounts of the passage from Britain to Australia in the convict ships, and still shocking accounts of the secondary places of punishment created in Australia for repeat offenders -- places such as Norfolk Island, Port Aurthur, and Macquarrie Bay. Hughes describes these nineteenth century camps as precursors of the Gulag in our own time, and I am afraid he is correct. They reminded me to of Andersonville Prison in our own Civil War but on a much broader, more wicked scale. The description of the prisons and barbaric punishments were to me the most vivid portions of the book.Besides the horror stories, there is a great deal of nuanced, thoughtful writing in the book about the settlement and building of Australia and of the dangers of facile over-generalization about how the convicts fared, or about virtually any other historical subject. Some were able to serve out their sentences and rise to prosperity and a new life. Others were shamefully abused. The history of the aboriginal peoples too is described and it is an unhappy subject, alas.Hughes begins with the early days of the transport and concludes when the system was finally abolished in the 1850's as a result of protests and of the Australian gold rush.After reading this book, I thought I had realized my goal of learning something of Australia. More importantly, I felt part of the land even though I hadn't seen it before and will likely never see it again. Places that I read about and that were only names took on character and importance.I have read a substantial amount of United States history but hadn't read about Australia before. This book is well-documented, eloquently written and has a feel for the pulse of its subject. It is an outstanding work of history and is sure to broaden the human perspective of the reader.Robin Friedman
Robert Hughes's The Fatal Shore is an epic piece of research that goes through the layers of colonial Australian history by each population that made up Australian colonial society. You will come away with a great understanding of how each group--common criminals, political prisoners, military officers on the outs, profit seekers, aborigines, and others--all interacted with each other to create the tapestry of Australian society.Two critiques, however. First, the book is not chronological and at times my head spun from the many jumps in time and location. I found myself flipping back to earlier chapters as I worked through the book to remind myself what happened in a given decade. Second, I felt like the author lost steam in his narrative about 1/4 to 1/2 way through each section. He presents a great deal of information but the reading is tedious at times.All in all, a very good read!
"The Fatal Shore" delivers precisely what the subtitle promises: "the Epic of Australia's Founding."The reader, like the convicts of the time, is "transported" to this land. The risks taken to begin white settlement were beyond comprehension - - perhaps like a decision today to colonize another planet. But there is more to the history of this place than itself. This book also taught me few surprising bits about America around the time of the Revolution, and a great deal about the English, Scots, and Irish, as Hughes recreates the period of time in Great Britain that gave birth to this movement of man.The hardships of early antipodean life would be all that you could ask humans to endure if they had only to endeavor each day to secure food and shelter. But these folk had to perform those basics while managing a state of criminals, governing a budding nation, and dealing with rules made by persons nearly a year distant by the best means of travel available.The almost unimaginable conditions are carefully and vividly detailed by Hughes. His task was particularly difficult given the parsimonious records from 18th and 19th centuries that survived, and the apparent lack of interest in the Australian past that existed for the first 150 years after settlement. The author clearly worked on a labor of love and a penchant of need he felt to write this story.You read this book for its history but relish much more. There is a range of vocabulary employed which stretches your mind. There are individual stories that sometimes chill you to the bone and other times make your heavy heart warm.One story he recounts is of William Charles Wentworth, born upon arrival in the new colony, "went to school in England and came back to New South Wales in 1810. ... In 1816 he set off to England again to study law. His aims were large: He would study the British Constitution so that he could draft one for Australia ...". That's a mission statement few would subscribe themselves to achieve.The "fun" of this epic is that the Wentworth story is seasoned with a phrase from Hughes that makes the reader's mind perk up and take notice. He says Wentworth "wound up his law studies in London and went to Cambridge. This was merely to brown the crust, as he did not work for a degree." I enjoyed a great many entertaining passages in this ilk. When finished with this epic, you'll have all the facts you need to know: -Why Australia evolved the way it did -England's environment that effected colonization -How it started: The First Fleet -The workings of the Assignment System of convict labor -The central or interesting roles played by (a) common criminals; (b) political/societal criminals; (c) Aboriginies; (d) the Irish; (e) bushrangers; (f) English Governors of AustraliaPlus you get acquainted with other noteworthy people, historical views of the colonization system, and lasting influences of the early Australian experience. Devour this book slowly and judiciously, letting the writing give you both knowledge and feeling.
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